The three steps that were used in this lab to determine the sickle cell genotype for individuals in the ryan family were blood collection, DNA amplification, and PCR. Tests for sickle cell anemia are used to diagnose sickle cell anemia and identify sickle cell trait carriers. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder that causes the production of an abnormal hemoglobin called hemoglobin S. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs throughout the body.
Sickle cell anemia is caused by a genetic mutation, responsible for the deformity of red blood cells. To be a carrier of the disease, the altered gene must be transmitted by the father and mother.
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disease (passed from parents to children) characterized by alteration of red blood cells, making them look like a sickle, hence the name sickle cell. These cells have their membrane altered and rupture more easily, causing anemia.
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