Respuesta :
The property of an antimicrobial agent to be highly toxic against its target microbe while being far less toxic to the cells of the host organism is called selective toxicity.
What is toxicity?
- A substance's toxicity refers to the dosage required for it to harm a living thing.
- When a material starts to harm an organism, it becomes toxic.
- In spite of common assumption, every drug has a definite level of toxicity.
- Even water and oxygen, in certain amounts, are harmful to living things.
- Furthermore, poisons affect certain species in various ways.
- A substance's toxicity, like that of sulfur, will differ depending on the species.
- Large amounts of sulfur are lethal to humans.
- Sulfur is an essential and pleasant ingredient for the creatures that live in the heat of volcanic vents at the bottom of the ocean, though.
- It was no longer accurate to forecast human toxicity levels using laboratory animals once it was realized that various poisons might affect comparable species in wildly diverse ways.
- To research and assess toxicity in accurate and ethical manners, new procedures and tests are being created.
- Toxicology is the field that studies the toxicity of various compounds.
Selective toxicity:
- According to the theory of selective toxicity, a chemical may be poisonous to a pathogen but not to the infected host organism.
- Antimicrobial drugs like penicillin, metronidazole, and chloramphenicol work by interacting with biological components specific to their target organism.
- This makes it possible for the chemical to only harm cells that have the target element, such as an enzyme involved in the creation of cell walls or a specific metabolic ribozyme.
Hence, this is selective toxicity.
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