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The gills of the axolotl are covered with filaments, which enhance the surface area. This is advantageous since surface area directly relates to the volume of gas exchanged. Hence increases the rate of diffusion of oxygen.

Many aquatic species use their gills as respiratory organs to take in dissolved oxygen from the water and expel carbon dioxide. Some species, like hermit crabs, have modified their gills to enable breathing on land as long as the environment is kept moist.

The axolotl gets its distinctive appearance and oxygen from a few feathery, external gills located on either side of the skull. Although adult axolotls have lungs, they mostly breathe through their gills.

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