Question

The cell membrane is selectively permeable due to its structure. Thus, the internal environment of the cell is distinct from the external environment of the cell. One biologist hypothesizes that small nonpolar molecules readily pass through the membrane. Another biologist alternatively hypothesizes that these types of molecules require channel and transport proteins that are embedded in the membrane in order to move across the membrane.

Answer 1

When membrane protein activity is suppressed, CO2 and N2 transport into and out of cells is unchanged.

N2 and CO2 are both insignificant, nonpolar molecules. The alternative theory would be disproved by their capacity to enter and exit cells normally when membrane protein activity is inhibited. The ability to manage and maintain the internal composition of the cell is made possible by the selective permeability of biological membranes, such as the cell membrane, to tiny molecules. Only tiny uncharged or nonpolar molecules, like CO2 and N2, can freely diffuse through the lipid bilayer. Consequently, they do not require the assistance of transmembrane proteins to easily cross cell membranes.

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