The reason that the Romans conquered most of the lands bordering the Mediterranean is that as their civilization grew, they needed access to resources, as well as securing their land border with a strong military presence so that no foreign military powers would be able to attack the Romans.
The Romans needed to ensure they have enough resources to maintain stability and control of their growing power, and the way to do that is to try to conquer all the lands bordering the Mediterranean so that no enemy would be able to attack them from land, and also with growing power and influence, they needed to ensure that they are able to maintain their power by maintaining a strong military power over their conquered land in the Mediterranean. The Romans did not just simply conquer them, but they invited the people from the conquered land in the Mediterranean to become Roman citizens hence assimilating them to the Roman civilization and introducing them to Roman culture.
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