An additional kind of substitution is a nonsense variation. The changed DNA sequence, however, results in a stop signal that prematurely tells the cell to stop producing proteins, as to creating change in amino acid.
Every cell in the body has DNA inside its nucleus. Its components are carefully packaged inside structures called chromosomes. Most individuals have 46 pairs of chromosomes, or 23 pairs each pair.
What is DNA composed of? Nucleotides are the chemical units that make up DNA. Three components make up these building blocks: a phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four different nitrogen bases. Chains of nucleotides with alternating sugar phosphate groups are linked to form a strand of DNA.
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