Economists view positive statements as question, descriptive, making a claim about how the world is. Hence option (c) is the answer.
In order to characterize the economic activity as it actually occurs, economics uses a difference between normative statements that describe how the world should be and positive assertions that describe the world as it is. Policymakers can use positive economic theory to put normative value judgments into practice.
For instance, it may explain how the government can affect inflation by expanding the money supply and back up that claim with data and an understanding of the behavioral links between inflation and money supply expansion. Because it assesses economic actions or outcomes according to acceptability, positive economics has an impact on normative economics. The distinctions between positive and normative economics were expounded upon by Milton Friedman in a significant essay from 1953.
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