Sublingual administration drugs are held under the tongue, where they are absorbed through the tissues and into the bloodstream for distribution to the body.
Drugs are administered sublingually by placing them under the tongue. The sublingual route avoids first-pass metabolism, which speeds up the drug's entry into the systemic circulation. Using blood arteries, the drug directly enters the systemic circulation.
The chorda tympani nerve, a branch of the facial nerve connected to the submandibular ganglion, sends parasympathetic signals to the sublingual glands. The nerve has a secretomotor function.
The motor branch of the facial nerve, which arises in the middle ear cavity and exits the middle ear through the petrotympanic fissure, gives rise to the chorda tympani. The lingual nerve and the chorda tympani then travel together until they synapse at the submandibular ganglion.
When the postganglionic fibres connect to the sublingual gland, substance P and acetylcholine are released. Salivation is induced by the main neurotransmitter acetylcholine and muscarinic receptors.
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