As new nucleotides are added to a strand of DNA or RNA, the 3' end of the chain grows, with the 5′ phosphate of an incoming nucleotide attaching to the hydroxyl group. This results in a chain, with each sugar connected to its neighbors via a set of bonds known as a phosphodiester linkage.
The process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules is known as DNA replication. Replication is necessary because when a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must have the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
The process by which the genome's DNA is copied in cells is known as DNA replication. Before dividing, a cell must copy (or replicate) its entire genome so that each resulting daughter cell has its own complete genome. DNA is made up of two linked strands that wind around each other to form a twisted ladder-like structure known as a double helix.
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