According to the climate in which they occur and/or the geometrical arrangement of the sediments, sedimentary environments can be categorized.
In general, the classification of ancient sedimentary rocks is based on how closely they resemble the sedimentary settings of today. We often talk about sedimentary sequences in terms of facies columns, which are diagrams that show the series from bottom to top and represent the whole of all sedimentary characteristics. All information regarding sedimentary structures, variations in grain size, contacts between the various beds, and any fossils present is included in the facies columns.
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