researchers can manipulate some aspect of the environment in order to observe its effects on behavior. for examples, researchers studying the bystander effect can alter how many bystanders are nearby during an emergency to see if this influences helping behavior. this type of independent variable would be considered a(n) variable.

Researchers studying the bystander effect can alter how many bystanders are nearby during an emergency to see if this influences helping behavior. This type of independent variable would be considered a situational variable.

There are two types of variables commonly studied during research, but the relationship between these two variables is affected by extraneous variables. The extraneous variable is of two types, i.e., participant and situational variables.

The situational variable could be contextual and psychological factors during an emergency, influencing the individual's behavior. For instance, if a person is giving an exam in a cold environment, his performance might be affected by the cold temperature. Here the cold environment is the situational variable.

In the given statement, a situational variable could be the environment and psychological factors that will affect the number of bystanders present during the emergency.

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