why is the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in step 2 needed to set up the oxidative decarboxylation reaction in step 3 of the citric acid cycle?

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16-11-2022
Chemistry

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why is the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in step 2 needed to set up the oxidative decarboxylation reaction in step 3 of the citric acid cycle?

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monikasaxena8519 monikasaxena8519 · Answer 1 · 2022-11-24T09:03:04+01:00

Citrate is a tertiary alcohol that cannot be oxidized. The isomerization converts the 3 degree alcohol into isocitrate, which is a 2 degree alcohol that can be oxidized.

Thioester hydrolysis helps to displace equilibrium towards product formation: Citrate is then isomerized to isocitrate, which is then decarboxylated to a-ketoglutarate. If citrate had not been isomerized to isocitrate, this decarboxylation would yield a branched carbon compound, much harder to metabolize.

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