Question

what are the two possible reasons for observing an outcome in a sample that differs from what you would expect in the population?

Answer 1

The population includes the sample. Therefore, only some of the variables—not all—are used when we calculate central tendency or spread values.

What does the standard deviation of the sample mean?

• The term "standard deviation" (or "") refers to the degree of dispersion of the data from the mean.
• Data are grouped around the mean when the standard deviation is low, and are more dispersed when the standard deviation is high.

According to question

    The sample may not be a good representation of the population due to various biases that could have been introduced during sample calculation, such as self-selection and non-response.

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