Respuesta :
a) To calculate the mass of mercury it is necessary to use the density:
[tex]\begin{gathered} \text{density}=\frac{mass}{\text{volume}} \\ 13.6g\mathrm{}mL^{-1}=\frac{mass}{10mL} \\ 13.6gmL^{-1}\cdot10mL=mass \\ 136g=\text{mass} \end{gathered}[/tex]The mass of mercury contained in a volume of 10cm^3 is 136g.
b) To detemine the quantity of matter it is necessary to calculate the number of moles:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 200.59g-1\text{mol} \\ 136g-x=\frac{136g\cdot1\text{mol}}{200.59g} \\ \\ x=0.68\text{mol} \end{gathered}[/tex]There are 0.68 moles in 10cm^3 of mercury.
c) To calculate the volume, first we need to calculate the mass of 12.02x10^23 atoms, using the Avogadro's number (6.022x10^23). Then, with the density of mercury we can calculate the mass:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 6.022x10^{23}atoms-\text{ 200.59g} \\ 12.02x10^{23}atoms-x=\frac{12.02x10^{23}atoms\cdot\text{200.59g}}{6.022x10^{23}atoms} \\ \\ x=400g \end{gathered}[/tex]With the mass (400g) and the density of mercury, we calculate the volume:
[tex]\begin{gathered} \text{density}=\frac{mass}{\text{volume}} \\ 13.6g\mathrm{}mL^{-1}=\frac{400g}{\text{volume}} \\ \text{volume}=\frac{400g}{13.6gmL^{-1}} \\ \text{volume}=29.4mL \end{gathered}[/tex]The volume occupied by 12.02x10^23 atoms is 29.4mL.
d) Harmful effects of mercury on health:
- Very harmful neurological brain damage, especially in young people.
- Harmful effects on the kidneys and the digestive system.
