We are asked to find the probability of not choosing a queen of clubs taken at random from a deck of 52 cards. To do that we need to use the following formula.
[tex]P(notquenofclubs)=1-P(Queenofclubs)\text{ }[/tex]This means that the probability of not choosing a queen of clubs equals one minus the probability of choosing a queen of clubs. Therefore, we have to calculate the probability of getting a queen of clubs first. To do that, let's remember that there are 4 possible queens of clubs in the deck, therefore, the probability of getting one is:
[tex]P(\text{queenofclubs)}=\frac{4}{52}[/tex]Now we replace that in the formula:
[tex]P(\text{notqueenof clubs)=1-}\frac{4}{52}[/tex]Solving the operation we get:
[tex]P(\text{notqueenofclubs)=}\frac{12}{13}[/tex]the probability of not getting a queen of clubs is 12/13
From this explanation, you can do the others, remember that this answer will be available in your profile