the equation in the standard form is Ax + By = C
12.
[tex]\begin{gathered} y-7=4\mleft(x+4\mright) \\ y-7=4x+16 \\ y-7+7=4x+16+7 \\ y=4x+23 \\ y-4x=4x-4x+23 \\ -4x+y=23 \end{gathered}[/tex]15.
[tex]\begin{gathered} y+5=-5(x-3) \\ y+5=-5x+15 \\ y+5-5=-5x+15-5 \\ y=-5x+10 \\ 5x+y=10 \end{gathered}[/tex]18.
[tex]\begin{gathered} y+11=\frac{1}{3}(x+3) \\ y+11=\frac{1}{3}x+1 \\ y+11-11=\frac{1}{3}x+1-11 \\ y=\frac{1}{3}x-10 \\ -\frac{1}{3}x+y=-10 \end{gathered}[/tex]