Impaired nutritional status should be discussed with the patient by the nurse when she is educating the patient about potential negative consequences.
When a patient has dietary deficits, they may appear lethargic and worn out. Other symptoms include a shorter attention span, confusion, pale and dry skin, loss of subcutaneous tissue, lifeless and brittle hair, and red, inflamed mucous membranes and tongue. Tachycardia and high BP may be seen in the vital signs.
Malnutrition is identified through body composition, which also involves a detailed evaluation of food intake, functional status, and past history of weight loss. Using laboratory tests, vitamin shortages or electrolyte imbalances may also be found.
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