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Calcite is most susceptible to chemical weathering by dissolution, which make them unstable when exposed to surface circumstances.
Chemical weathering is caused by chemical modifications to minerals, which make them unstable when exposed to surface circumstances. The kind of alterations that occur are very particular to the mineral and the surrounding circumstances. Over 95% of the sedimentary rock known as limestone is typically composed of calcite.
Limestone can dissolve underground when there is acidic groundwater present. The calcite can be sufficiently removed by the disintegration over time to create caverns. All other things being equal, rocks with more mafic minerals would undergo weathering and erode faster than rocks with the other silicate minerals because the mafic minerals tend to break down into clay more quickly than most other silicate minerals.
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