Question

Some disease-causing microbes attack the body by turning on or off specific signal transduction pathways. In the disease cholera, the bacterium vibrio cholerae causes massive diarrhea by interfering with such a pathway. A toxin from this bacterium enters intestinal cells and chemically modifies g proteins. Once modified, the g proteins can no longer cleave gtp into gdp. What would you expect to see within the intestinal cells of a person with cholera?.

Answer 1

The G proteins remain activated and continually activate adenylyl cyclase.

A subset of the exocrine and absorptive cells that line the mucosa of the GI tract are enteroendocrine cells, which are columnar epithelial cells. They are most frequently seen at the necks of gastric glands, deeper within them, and in the lower sections of intestinal crypts. A straightforward columnar epithelium that is folded to create a variety of invaginations, or crypts, embedded in the connective tissue, lines the surface of the gastrointestinal system. Approximately 250 cells make up each crypt, depending on the species and anatomical position. Every six days or so, the surface epithelial cells must be replaced because they are sloughed into the lumen.

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