Fe is the reducing agent in this reaction.
This reaction is an inorganic reaction, but because copper is reduced and iron is oxidized, it is also a redox reaction. This means that iron is the reducing agent and copper (II) nitrate is the oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent is copper nitrate, which oxidizes Fe by reducing it from a +2 to a 0-oxidation state. Essentially, this reaction is a red-ox (reduction-oxidation) process. The iron's surface begins to take on a copper hue. The iron is coated with copper metal after being dipped into the copper nitrate solution. Cu2+ ions in solution were changed into solid copper metal by this process.
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