The major limitation to widespread adoption of constructed or engineered wetlands for community wastewater treatment is the large land area required.
Poor nitrogen and phosphorus removal, the need for a lot of acreages referred to in this article as a footprint, and a restriction on oxygen transmission are the main constraints.
Wetland systems are artificial ecosystems that can be utilized in urban, peri-urban, and agricultural environments to reduce diffuse pollution and improve the quality of water, including groundwater, wastewater, industrial waste streams, and diffuse pollution.
As a result of disturbance and the introduction of non-native species, human activities alter the quality, quantity, and flow rates of water, increase pollutant inputs, and alter the species composition of wetland ecosystems.
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