The incident of Georgians elected Confederate vice president Alexander Stephens to Congress proved to be the final outrage for Republicans in Congress, which convinced them to tighten the rules of Reconstruction under Andrew Johnson in 1866.
In the turbulent years that followed the Civil War, known as Reconstruction (1865–1877), efforts were made to reintegrate 4 million newly liberated persons into the United States and Southern Confederate states. New southern state legislatures created "Black Codes" in 1865-86 during the administration of President Andrew Johnson to regulate the labour and conduct of formerly enslaved people and other African Americans.
Thus, President Andrew Johnson unveiled his Reconstruction plans at the end of May 1865, reflecting his ardent Unionism and steadfast support for states' rights.
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