If everyone in the population has an equal chance of inclusion in a study, then one would say that the study used a Random sampling technique for the study. (Option A.)
The way in which we select a sample of individuals to be research participants is critical. How we select participants (random sampling) will determine the population to which we may generalize our research findings. The procedure that we use for assigning participants to different treatment conditions (random assignment) will determine whether bias exists in our treatment groups (Are the groups equal on all known and unknown factors?)
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