The regional federal reserve banks can influence the conduct of monetary policy when they administer the discount facilities at each bank and they also have five of their presidents sit on the FOMC, the main policymaking arm of the FED.
The three ways in which Fed influence monetary policy are, reserve requirements, the discount rate, and open market operations. Moreover, the Federal Reserve System conducts the nation's monetary policy by managing the level of the interest rates which are short-term and then influencing the cost of availability and the cost of credit in the economy.
This monetary policy has a direct impact on the interest rates and thus directly influences stock prices, currency exchange rates as well as the wealth.
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