One function of gap junctions appears to be to cellular communication the activities of like cells in a particular area.
Connexins, membrane proteins that connect nearby cells, create tiny, fluid-filled tunnels known as connexons at gap junctions. Instead of being fused together like in tight junctions, the plasma membranes of gap junctions are separated by a very small intercellular gap (space).
Ions and tiny molecules can move from the cytosol of one cell to another through connexons. In avascular tissues like the cornea and lens of the eye, the transfer of nutrients and possibly wastes occurs through gap junctions.
Some of the chemical and electrical signals that control development and cell differentiation in a developing embryo travel through gap junctions.
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