The U.S. constitution establishes a system of government based on the principle of federalism.
Federalism is a system of government which tries to reconcile the principle of shared rule with self-rule. It is based on the division of powers between a national (or federal) government and regional (or state) governments.
This division of powers is guaranteed by the Constitution itself, meaning that the states do not owe their existence or power to the federal government.
Historically, the US became a federation by way of agreement between independent states. Thus, it is called ‘coming-together’ federation, unlike other countries like India which was formed through disintegration of a political unit.
While the House of Representatives represents the people as a whole, the Senate represents the states, and each state has equal representation in it.
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