When our normal microbiota produce antibiotics which help protect us from pathogens, this is specifically called:_______

Physical, chemical, and biological barriers are examples of anatomical barriers. The epithelial surfaces operate as the initial line of defense against invading organisms by forming a physical barrier that is impenetrable to the majority of infectious pathogens.

Skin epithelium desquamation (shedding) also aids in the elimination of germs and other infectious substances that have clung to the epithelial surface. The absence of blood vessels, the epidermis' inability to hold moisture, and the dermis' sebaceous glands combine to create an environment that is unfavorable for the survival of bacteria.

Movement caused by peristalsis or cilia, respectively, helps eliminate pathogenic pathogens from the respiratory and digestive tracts. Mucus also captures infectious pathogens. By secreting poisons or by vying with pathogenic bacteria for resources, gut flora can inhibit the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms.

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