Yes, it is a FERPA violation if an instructor or department leaves graded papers/exams in a stack outside of an office for students to pick up.
A person has become a student for FERPA purposes if they are "in attendance" at such an institution, according to the legislation. A student who is in attendance has registered for at minimum one class and also that class has begun.
Some key features regarding the FERPA are-
To know more about the FERPA, here
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