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In declaring school segregation as unconstitutional, the Court overturned the longstanding “separate but equal” doctrine established nearly 60 years earlier in Plessy v
What is separate but equal?
Separate but equal was a legal doctrine in US constitutional law that held that racial segregation did not necessarily violate the Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution, which theoretically guaranteed all individuals "equal protection" under the law.
The application of the "separate but equal" theory provided constitutional support for laws aimed at achieving racial segregation through separate and equal public facilities and services for African Americans and whites.
The ideology of "separate but equal" promoted the idea of races remaining separate as long as they had "equal" amenities and treatment as whites. Separate but equal, for example, required blacks and whites to use separate water fountains, schools, and even medical treatment.
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