Patients with obstructive sleep apnea and other comorbidities are at increased risk for postoperative respiratory depression.
Respiratory depression happens when the lungs fail to exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen efficiently. This dysfunction leads to a buildup of carbon dioxide in the body, which can result in health complications. A common symptom of respiratory depression is taking breaths that are slower and shallower than normal.
Respiratory depressant drugs include: Alcohol. Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, Ativan) Barbiturates (phenobarbital, secobarbital, amobarbital, and pentobarbital).
The only treatment currently available to reverse opioid respiratory depression is by naloxone infusion. The efficacy of naloxone depends on its own pharmacological characteristics and on those (including receptor kinetics) of the opioid that needs reversal.
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