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Osteocytes and layers of extracellular matrix, which are concentrically clustered around a central canal, for a cylinder-shaped unit are called osteons.
Bone tissue may be of two types; compact bone tissue that form the outer hard covering of bones and spongy bone tissue that form inner soft portion of bone. Osteon are found in compact bone.
Osteons are cylindrical structures composed from clustre of Osteocytes and layers of extracellular matrix around a central canal connected by canaliculi for the transportation of blood. The haversian canal is surrounded by lamella that comprises the osteon. Osteons run parallel to long axis of bones and present in bones of many mammals, reptiles and birds. In some bones the stress or pressure in applied from few directions and osteons are aligned in that direction so they provide protection from bone bending or fracturing from compressive forces.
The extracellular matrix provide bone strength surrounding osteocytes.
What are the function of extracellular matrix of osteocytes ?
Bone tissue can be up two types such as compact bone tissue which is responsible for hardness of outer region and spongy bone tissue which form inner soft region of bone, Osteon are present in compact bone.
The extracellular matrix contains growth factors which decide the time when cell division, helps to control when new blood vessels will form to serve the tissue, the cells of the tissue interact with the outer environment through the extracellular matrix.
It also serves to guide cell movement within the tissue, make sure that the cells do not migrate outside of the tissue, creation of stem cells that lead to the development of specialized cells.
The extracellular matrix is surrounding osteocytes are mainly deposited by osteoblasts cells, secrete osteoid, the osteoid becomes calcified, it supports the osteocytes and helps to nourish them.
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