Two planets, john and mary, are identical in density and temperature, but mary is larger in size (radius) than john. Mary will have more substantial atmosphere because mary is larger in size .
A substantial atmosphere is one dense enough to significantly affect the surface
Gravity is the force by which a planet or other body draws objects toward its center. The force of gravity keeps all of the planets in orbit around the sun.
The thickness of a planet's atmosphere depends on the planet's gravity and the temperature of the atmosphere. A planet with weaker gravity does not have as strong a hold on the molecules that make up its atmosphere as a planet with stronger gravity.
As the planet grows in size, its mass and therefore gravity increases, allowing it to capture not only the accumulated dust and rocks, but also the gas, which forms an atmosphere.
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