The change in the relative abundance of species over an area or distance is referred to as: the evenness of distribution of individuals among species in a community.
Relative abundance refers to how evenly individuals are distributed among species within a community. Species abundance is the number of individuals per species.
Both the overall number of species present (species richness) and the number of species that have been seen have an impact on an area's species diversity, whereas evenness refers to the relative abundance of species. If all species have a comparable distribution (i.e., population density), evenness is strong (Baker and Savage, 2008).
The phrase "species diversity" refers to the variety of species present in a region (also known as "species richness"), as well as their abundance and distribution within that ecosystem. It serves as a gauge of the ecosystem's diversity.
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