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A culture that contains only a single species of organism is known as pure culture.
Pure culture →
pure culture, in microbiology, a laboratory culture containing a single species of organism. A pure culture is usually derived from a mixed culture (one containing many species) by transferring a small sample into new, sterile growth medium in such a manner as to disperse the individual cells across the medium surface or by thinning the sample many fold before inoculating the new medium. Both methods separate the individual cells so that, when they multiply, each will form a discrete colony, which may then be used to inoculate more medium, with the assurance that only one type of organism will be present. Isolation of a pure culture may be enhanced by providing a mixed inoculum with a medium favoring the growth of one organism to the exclusion of others.
Mixed culture→
Mixed-culture fermentation are those in which the inoculum always consists of two or more organisms. Mixed cultures can consist of known species to the exclusion of all others, or they may be composed of mixtures of unknown species. The mixed cultures may be all of one microbial group—all bacteria—or they may consist of a mixture of organisms of fungi and bacteria or fungi and yeasts or other combinations in which the components are quite unrelated. All of these combinations are encountered in Oriental food fermentation.
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