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In the united states and many western countries, the legal system is known as common law which is based on local customs, traditions, and precedents.
A corpus of unwritten laws known as common law is founded on judicially established legal precedents. In unique situations where the conclusion cannot be predicted based on existing statutes or written principles of law, common law influences the decision-making process. Common law emphasizes tradition while allowing for considerable interpretive latitude. The benefit of a common-law system is that the law can be modified to address circumstances that the legislature had not considered at the time.
The fact that it develops as precedent is what distinguishes "common law." When the parties cannot agree on the law, a common law court refers to earlier precedent decisions of pertinent courts and applies the lessons learned there as they apply to the current facts.
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