To maximize profit, the perfectly competitive firm charges a price equal to the marginal cost while the monopolist charges a price greater than the marginal cost.
The monopolist will select the profit-maximizing level of output where MR = MC, and then charge the price for that quantity of output as determined by the market demand curve. If that price is above average cost, the monopolist earns positive profits.
In a monopolistically competitive market, the rule for maximizing profit is to set MR = MC and the price is higher than marginal revenue, not equal to it because the demand curve is downward sloping.
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