Civil rights concern the basic right to be free from unequal treatment based on certain protected characteristics (race, gender, disability, etc.) in settings such as employment, education, housing, and access to public facilities.
Race is the way through which people distinguish a group of people for biological or socially attributed aspects. Sociologists say that it is socially constructed since these groups are analyzed through the ways they have been treated over time.
The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment prohibits any state from passing a law that denies to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Challenge may arise where there is a difference in treatment based on discriminatory classification.
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