Monosaccharides can differ from one another in: the number of carbon atoms they contain.
Monosaccharides can be divided into groups according to the number of carbon atoms in the molecules: trioses have 3-C atoms, tetroses have 4-C atoms, pentoses have 5-C atoms and hexoses have 6-C atoms. Each of these groups have different compounds, each with the same molecular formula. The bonds can be different between two monosaccharides. There is a difference in the orientation of a hydroxyl group in the ring form of monosaccharides. A glycosidic bond can lead to two possible stereoisomers at the anomeric carbon of one sugar. Also, the many hydroxyl groups of another sugar allow for several possible regioisomers.
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