The graphs of the transformations in each case are as follows;
a) f(x) = 5 -2 = 3
b) f(x) = 5
c) f(x) = 5
d) f(x) = 5+3 = 8.
The shifts, reflections, rotations and dilation operations are facilitated by transformation operations. On this note, it therefore follows that the graph of the given function as given is a straight horizontal line which is parallel to the x-axis and consequently, the transformations are as given above.
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