The distance x will the ball land after flies off with a horizontal initial velocity is 3.0635 m.
What is mechanical energy?
The mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and the potential energy of an object at any instant of time.
M.E = KE +PE
A small metal ball with a mass of m = 62.0 g is attached to a string of length l = 1.85 m. It is held at an angle of θ = 48.5° with respect to the vertical.
The ball is then released. When the rope is vertical, the ball collides head-on and perfectly elastically with an identical ball originally at rest. This second ball flies off with a horizontal initial velocity from a height of h = 3.76 m, and then later it hits the ground.
The conservation of energy principle states that total mechanical energy remains conserved in all situations where there is no external force acting on the system.
Kinetic energy = Potential energy
1/2 mv² =mgh₁
The velocity at the bottom, when the height h = 5m, is
v= √2gh₁...................(1)
The vertical height h₁ = l- lcosθ
h₁ = l- lcosθ
h₁ = 1.85 - 1.85cos48.5°
h₁ =0.6241 m
Putting the values in equation (1), we get
v = √2x 9.81 x0.6241
v = 3.499 m/s
The horizontal distance traveled is
x = vt
x = v x √2h/g
Plug the values, we get
x = 3.499 x √2x3.76 / 9.81
x = 3.0635 m
Thus, the horizontal distance ball travels is 3.0635 m.
Learn more about mechanical energy.
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