Alpha particles have highest mass.
Alpha particles are most ionising.
Gamma particles are the most penetrating.
Beta particles are negatively charged.
Gamma particles have the highest speed.
- Comparing the three types of ionizing radiation-alpha particles have the greatest mass. Alpha particles have approx 4 times the mass of a proton or neutron and 8,000 times the mass of a beta particle.
- Ionising power of alpha particle is very high due to double positive charge, large mass as compared to a beta particle. Alpha particles can cause multiple ionisations within a very small distance.
- Beta radiation is more penetrating than alpha radiation. beta radiation can pass through the skin, but it is absorbed by a few cm of tissue of the body or a few mm of aluminum. Gamma radiation is the most penetrating of the three radiations.
- Alpha particles are positively charged, while beta particles are negatively charged, and gamma radiation is electrically neutral.
- Gamma rays are similar to visible light but they have higher energy. Gamma rays are emitted along with alpha or beta particles during radioactive decay.
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