In contrast to empires, which rule in the name of a globally defined people or to advance a global revolutionary cause, modern nation-states are governed in the name of a locally defined population.
Since they are often smaller and less diversified than their imperial forebears, nation-states tend to have a more centralized and uniform governmental administration. Regional identity typically took a back seat to national identity once the nation-state won the day in Europe in the 19th century.
Modern states are governed by a centralized authority and power. Citizens of a nation-state eventually developed a collective identity based on similar customs, traditions, and languages. People who speak diverse languages and adhere to distinct traditions and cultures coexist in modern states.
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