Immunoassay is a process that can be used to detect a specific antigen or antibody present in a sample.
What are the various steps of immunoassay?
The various steps of immunoassay depends of the type of immunoassay used for diagnosis.
Using the direct Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) the steps involved in antigen detection include:
- plate coating: the plate is coated with a known antibody
- plate blocking: Buffer is used to block free sites in the well.
- Antibody incubation is carried out at 37°C and
- Detection: Enzyme conjugated detection Antigen binds to the antigen.
Using the indirect Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) the steps involved in antibody detection include:
- Micro-well plates are incubated with antigens, washed up and blocked with BSA.
- Samples with antibodies are added and washed.
- Enzyme linked secondary antibody are added and washed.
- A substrate is added, and enzymes on the antibody elicit a chromogenic or fluorescent signal.
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