0.5 moles of ethanoic acid are required to produce 0.5 mol of the ester , Option B is the right answer.
The reaction in which a carboxylic acid combine with an alcohol to form ester and water is called esterification reaction.
It is given in the question that
Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol to form an ester and water
C₂H₅OH + CH₃COOH → CH₃COOH + H₂O
The moles of ethanoic acid required to produce 0.5 mole of ester.
In the following reaction it can be seen that the mole fraction of ethanoic acid to ester is 1: 1
Therefore 0.5 mole of ethanoic acid will be required to produce 0.5 mol of ester.
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