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Academy of San Carlos sway Mexican artists before the Mexican Revolution because of folk crafts as Mexican folk art has a long and rich history. Around 1500 BCE, the great Civilizations began to form.
Over 3,000 years, the Olmec, Maya, Teotihuacán, Toltec, and Aztec conquer the lands and peoples of what is now Mexico. Craft production such as weaving, wood carving, and Pottery flourished during this time.
Indigenous groups fabricated objects for daily use as well as ceremonial occasions.
Beginning in 1521, Mexico set off as Spanish colony. The Spanish significantly influenced Mexican culture during their 300-year reign, including many of the folk crafts produced and the technologies to produce employment for them.
What is Civilization?
A Civilization is a obscure human society, usually made up of different cities, with certain characteristics of cultural and technological development. Across the globe, early civilizations formed when people began coming together in urban settlements.
However, defining what Civilization is, and what societies fall under that designation, is a hotly contested argument, even among today’s anthropologists.
The word “Civilization” relates to the Latin word “civitas” or “city.” This is why the most simple definition of the word “civilization” is “a society made up of cities.”
But early in the development of the term, anthropologists and others used “civilization” and “civilized society” to differentiate between societies they found culturally superior (which they were often a part of), and those they found culturally inferior (which they referred to as “savage” or “barbaric” cultures).
Most anthropologists acknowledge on some criteria to define a society as a Civilization. First, Civilizations have some kind of urban settlements and are not nomadic. With support from the other people living in the settlement, labor is divided up into specific jobs (called the division of labor), so not everyone has to focus on growing their own food and shelter.
From this specialization comes class structure and government, both aspects of a civilization. Another criterion for civilization is a excess of food, which comes from having tools to aid in growing crops.
Writing, trading, artwork and monuments, and development of science and technology are all aspects of civilizations.
What is Pottery?
Pottery is fabricated of ceramic materials and encompasses major types of pottery wares such as earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. To be considered pottery, a piece must be a fired ceramic ware that includes clay when formed.
To create a piece of pottery, the potter must form a ceramic/clay body into a specific object, whether by hand built or wheel thrown techniques, and then heat it at a high temperature in a kiln to remove water from the clay.
This process allows for transpose in the molded object, increasing its strength and durability while permanently setting its shape. The potter can furnish the clay body either before or after firing, however, some processes require the clay go through certain preparations in order to successfully create a piece of work.
With molding, a process which involves massaging the clay with hands, it allows moisture within the clay to spread throughout the entire slab.
When done correctly the clay will have even moisture content and one step away from creating.
The next preparatory procedure when working with clay is called de-airing. This can be attain either by a vacuum machine that is attached to a pugmill or manually through the process of wedging.
When the clay has been de-aired and de-moisturized, it’s ready to be shaped in a variety of ways. Once it’s shaped, it’s dried and then fired.
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