Question

A critical element of microenvironmental scanning is​ ________, which is the study of human populations in terms of​ size, density,​ location, age,​ gender, race,​ occupation, and other statistics. this portion of the environment is of major interest to marketers because it involves people who make up markets.

Answer 1

i think the answer is Demography.

Like mentioned above, demography usually separate population based on specific categorization such as race, age, gender , and etc.
Companies usually need this information to create a product that is suitable for a specific demographic.