Question

4. Which scenario is an example of allopatric speciation?
A disease ravages a large fox population, killing all members that did not have a genetic resistance to the disease
A river separates members of a squirrel population that used to occupy the same geographical area
Houseflies from a certain region migrate and interbreed with a different housefly population in a neighboring area
Hawks with thin, sharp beaks primarily eat fish and small rodents, while hawks with larger beaks tend to eat reptiles and larger birds.

Answer 1

A river separates members of a squirrel population that used to occupy the same geographical area, Thus, option "2" is correct.

What is Allopatric speciation?

Allopatric speciation is said to occur when two groups of organisms are separated by a physical or geographical barrier. Examples of such barriers are ocean, mountain range, rivers, etc.  A good example of allopatric speciation is Galapagos finch.

Different species of this bird can be found in different islands at Galapos, which is located at Pacific Ocean off South America. The ocean is barrier that isolate the species from one another.

Thus, option "2" is correct.

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