Explanation:
As per Aufbau principle, in the ground state of an atom or ion the electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest energy levels first, before filling the higher energy levels.
Therefore, s-orbital energy level is filled before the filling of p-orbital. And, p-orbital is filled before the filling of d-orbital energy level and so on.
For example, the ground-state electron configuration for copper (Cu) is [tex]1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{1}[/tex]
As 10 electrons present in the d-shell makes it more stable therefore, there is actually only one electron is present in 4s shell.
The ground state electron configuration for copper is;
[tex]1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^10 4s^1[/tex]
The ground state electron configuration of an atom is its lowest energy electron configuration.
The electron configuration means the manner in which electrons are arranged into atomic orbitals. This arrangement follows the Aufbau principle.
This principle states that lower energy orbitals are first filled before higher energy orbitals.
The electron configuration of copper has been shown above in its ground state.
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