Question

Metals and nonmetals can react with each other to form ions. Complete these statements.

A potassium atom gain or loses(electrons/protons/neutrons)and to form how many ion?

A sulfuratom gain or loses (electrons/protons/neutrons) and to form how many ion?

Answer 1

A potassium atom loses (electrons) to form K⁺ ions

A sulfur atom gain (electrons) to form S²⁻ ions

Further explanation

Atoms have different stability. Unstable atomic atoms will try to form stable electron configurations like those of noble gases. Where noble has the number of outer electrons 2 or 8

The formation of electron configurations can be done by forming shared ions or electron pairs

atoms that have low ionization energy (easily release electrons) forms cations, and these electrons are bound to have large affinity energy (easily pulling electrons) that form anions

Metal elements have low ionization energy and non-metallic elements have a high electron affinity

The location of the element group is the number of valence electrons that fill the last sub-skin

The element period is determined from the valence shell (the largest main quantum number (n))

The chemical element of the group is divided into two, namely:

Group A, occupies sub skin and p

Group B, sub skin occupies d

The electron configuration of noble gases is:

He: 1s²

Ne: [He] 2s² 2p⁶

Ar: [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶

Cr: [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶

Let's look at the statement

• A. K

Electron configuration

[Ar] 4s¹

The K element is closestto the configuration of the Ar element releasing 1 electron to be stable, becoming K⁺

• B. S

Electron configuration

[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴

The S element is closest to the configuration of the Ar element by binding 2 electrons to be stable, becoming S²⁻

Learn more

the chemical bond holds the Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions

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Identify the group number

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ionic bonding

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Keywords: noble gas, stable, electron configuration

Answer 2

A potassium atom loses one electron to form ${{\mathbf{K}}^{\mathbf{ + }}}$ ion.

A sulphur atom gains two electrons to form ${{\mathbf{S}}^{{\mathbf{2 - }}}}$ ion.

Further Explanation:

Ions are formed either by loss or gain of electrons. Since electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles, their addition or removal in any atom leads to development of charges on atoms and as a result, ions are produced.

Cations are positively charged ions that are formed by loss of electrons from the neutral atoms. The negatively charged ions are known as anions and are formed by addition of electrons to the neutral atoms.

Atomic number of potassium is 19 and it has an electronic configuration of $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^6}3{s^2}3{p^6}4{s^1}$. It is one electron extra of stable noble gas configuration of argon. So it loses one electron from 4s orbital and forms ${{\text{K}}^ + }$ whose configuration becomes $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^6}3{s^2}3{p^6}$.

Atomic number of sulfuris 16 and it has an electronic configuration of $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^6}3{s^2}3{p^4}$. It is two electronsshort of stable noble gas configuration of argon. So it gainstwo electrons and forms   whose configuration becomes $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^6}3{s^2}3{p^6}$.

Learn more:

1. Determine the ion with configuration  : https://brainly.com/question/7599542
2. Identification of element with electronic configuration  : https://brainly.com/question/9616334

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Electronic configuration of the elements

Keywords: ions, cations, anions, electrons, potassium, sulphur, 19, 16, gain, lose, argon, stable noble gas configuration, K+, S2-, one electron, two electrons.