The gerunds used in the sentences are added to the phrase as distinct words and thereby are contributed to the different meaning in the sentence.
What are gerunds?
The gerunds are the verb with the -ing end and as used as the nouns in the sentences. The gerunds can be direct object, object of the preposition, subject appositive or subject compliment.
The words in the following sentences are:
- Attaining in Attaining good grades is most of the students' goal, is a subject of the sentence. Thus, option D is correct.
Studying in the sentence, Eloisa prioritizes studying over other activities that a teenager usually does is a direct object. Thus, option A is correct.
- Studying and submitting in the sentence, her priority is studying and submitting requirements on time are subjective complement. Thus, option B is correct.
- Reading in the sentence, her hobby, reading, enriches her vocabulary, and expands her learning horizons is a Subject appositive. Thus, option C is correct.
- Studying in the sentence, just like Eloisa, everyone must exert efforts in studying to attain his/her goal is an Object of the preposition. Thus, option D is correct.
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